Fig. 1
From: Estrogen-related mechanisms in sex differences of hypertension and target organ damage
Role of estrogen in sex differences in hypertension and related target organ damage. The influence of estrogen leads to alterations in mechanisms regulating the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), body mass, endothelial (dys) function, oxidative stress and salt sensitivity; all associated with a crucial inflammatory state and influenced by genetic factors, ultimately resulting in cardiac, vascular and renal damage in hypertension in a sex-specific manner